{"id":67,"date":"2026-07-25T21:23:38","date_gmt":"2026-07-25T21:23:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/federation-partenariale-pierre-olivier.fr\/?page_id=67"},"modified":"2026-07-26T13:55:59","modified_gmt":"2026-07-26T13:55:59","slug":"architecture","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/federation-partenariale-pierre-olivier.fr\/?page_id=67","title":{"rendered":"ARCHITECTURE"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-bcc1f14add4e51d7e386c99dfb643241 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>ARCHITECTURE ET PATRIMOINE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-87edeef7486144a39bb69b88c85f24d3 wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Caract\u00e9ristiques techniques :\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-2fb2c8810d60a33da5b8428258b60029\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; \u00c9l\u00e9vation sur quatre niveaux avec ouvertures d\u00e9fensives<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Ma\u00e7onnerie en pierre locale : granit des Monts du Forez<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Appareillage soign\u00e9 alternant pierres de taille et moellons<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; \u00c9paisseur des murs atteignant plusieurs m\u00e8tres<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Les syst\u00e8mes d\u00e9fensifs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:33px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-0abc5049c1c0bd7e3efade62d1a408ad wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Le donjon pr\u00e9sente un \u00e9tagement d\u00e9fensif sophistiqu\u00e9 :<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-4a7f180601347073cd31fe2119ea47da\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Arch\u00e8res pour le tir \u00e0 l&rsquo;arbal\u00e8te aux niveaux inf\u00e9rieurs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Fen\u00eatres \u00e0 meneau aux \u00e9tages d&rsquo;habitation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Cr\u00e9neaux au sommet pour la d\u00e9fense rapproch\u00e9e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Hourds (disparus) permettant la d\u00e9fense verticale<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; L&rsquo;enceinte fortifi\u00e9e : un syst\u00e8me d\u00e9fensif complexe<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; La triple enceinte<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:33px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-f30f9dcd699d0296afdaf3b396d9d442 wp-block-paragraph\">Le ch\u00e2teau de La Roue \u00e9tait prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par un syst\u00e8me de triple enceinte c\u00f4t\u00e9 ouest, adaptation remarquable au relief naturel. Cette organisation d\u00e9fensive r\u00e9v\u00e8le l&rsquo;influence des techniques rapport\u00e9es de Terre Sainte par les crois\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-2c84f214c9bc22282a02f9926b7d26d7 wp-block-paragraph\">Premi\u00e8re enceinte : Mur de courtine \u00e9pousant l&rsquo;\u00e9peron rocheux Deuxi\u00e8me enceinte : Ligne de d\u00e9fense interm\u00e9diaire avec bastions Troisi\u00e8me enceinte : Protection avanc\u00e9e vers la vall\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-e7d489151df1c9b6922946d0a28af613 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>LES VESTIGES ACTUELS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-11c80b52e89e571e790acc763761b136 wp-block-paragraph\">Malgr\u00e9 les destructions de 1591, d&rsquo;importants vestiges de l&rsquo;enceinte subsistent :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-02a31ca64a9e89d2c96c26ad02c90f61\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; C\u00f4t\u00e9 Ouest : Muraille remarquablement conserv\u00e9e sur pr\u00e8s de 50 m\u00e8tres<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Appareillage en grand appareil de granit local<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Cr\u00e9neaux encore visibles<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; \u00c9paisseur d\u00e9passant 2 m\u00e8tres par endroits<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; C\u00f4t\u00e9 Sud : Bastion d&rsquo;angle Sud-Est particuli\u00e8rement bien pr\u00e9serv\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Ma\u00e7onnerie de petit appareil caract\u00e9ristique<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Fruit prononc\u00e9 de la muraille pour la stabilit\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Traces d&rsquo;hourds et de syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;\u00e9vacuation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; C\u00f4t\u00e9 Nord : Sections en cours de consolidation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Effondrement r\u00e9cent mena\u00e7ant la stabilit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9rale<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Travaux de sauvegarde entrepris par la Fondation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Les b\u00e2timents d&rsquo;habitation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; La cour d&rsquo;honneur\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-485ccd2527197417ab1b2d0f99628b89 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>PLAN ARCHITECTURAL<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-ce9188ed6440033d08372a0ba0a4956f wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c0 l&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur de l&rsquo;enceinte subsistent les vestiges de la chapelle Saint-Pierre,&nbsp;\u00e9difice religieux central de la seigneurie<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-30e539f8a506a3600e2761743f9f70d2 wp-block-paragraph\">Autour de la chapelle s&rsquo;\u00e9tendait le cimeti\u00e8re paroissial qui accueillit les s\u00e9pultures jusqu&rsquo;au XVIe si\u00e8cle. Les fouilles ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 13 s\u00e9pultures dont la plus ancienne remonte \u00e0 environ 1334 (690 ans) et la derni\u00e8re vers 1461 (560 ans).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-dfc499d8906f258923cdf9060f11f461 wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Techniques de construction \/ Mat\u00e9riaux locaux<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-cf93a5bacad217c978f549da9e501498\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; L&rsquo;architecture de La Roue illustre parfaitement l&rsquo;utilisation des ressources g\u00e9ologiques locales :<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Granit des Monts du Forez :<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Pierre de grande r\u00e9sistance aux intemp\u00e9ries<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Couleur dor\u00e9e caract\u00e9ristique sous le soleil<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Extraction dans les carri\u00e8res de la vall\u00e9e de l&rsquo;Ance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Mortier de chaux :<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Chaux grasse produite localement<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Sable de rivi\u00e8re de l&rsquo;Ance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; R\u00e9sistance exceptionnelle apr\u00e8s 800 ans<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Techniques de taille<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:0px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-5bc0b7148f020650c76f34fff3fe1bec wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">La ma\u00e7onnerie r\u00e9v\u00e8le diff\u00e9rentes phases de construction :<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-7171db5d2c1cd7ce373d39c8054d1a98\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; XIIe si\u00e8cle : Grand appareil r\u00e9gulier, joints fins<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; XIVe si\u00e8cle : Appareil mixte, pierre de taille et moellons<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; XVe si\u00e8cle : Petit appareil, construction plus \u00e9conomique<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; L&rsquo;hydraulique m\u00e9di\u00e9vale<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; L&rsquo;approvisionnement en eau<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:33px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-5a32eb3fed642d2554641a48cb9d3251 wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Le ch\u00e2teau disposait d&rsquo;un syst\u00e8me hydraulique sophistiqu\u00e9 :<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-8bb06a69b89d6f15ee7b2269caf4522b wp-block-paragraph\">Source naturelle : \u00c0 13 m\u00e8tres de profondeur, d\u00e9bit de 3 litres\/minute Citerne de stockage : Creus\u00e9e dans le rocher sous la cour Distribution : R\u00e9seau de canalisations en pierre vers les logis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-93b8304792939ec035dc7226f0b233be wp-block-paragraph\">Au centre de l&rsquo;enceinte subsiste une \u00ab\u00a0roue\u00a0\u00bb, vestige \u00e9nigmatique qui pourrait \u00eatre :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-4e7213ba7dd84a209fdf8d52cb46747c\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Ancien m\u00e9canisme de levage (treuil)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; \u00c9l\u00e9ment d\u00e9coratif symbolique (r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au nom du lieu)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:33px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-9058a95432ae78065ae61fbbcd426728 wp-block-paragraph\">Le si\u00e8ge de 1591 par les troupes huguenotes du capitaine Basset a caus\u00e9 des dommages consid\u00e9rables :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-a0274d54c3e8e065bfc0f382b19d53c8\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Incendie des charpentes et planchers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; D\u00e9mant\u00e8lement partiel des murailles<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Pillage des \u00e9l\u00e9ments d\u00e9coratifs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Les restaurations modernes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:33px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-5cf76046c0dbf6f0a5d67edf936369cd wp-block-paragraph\">Depuis 1974, des travaux de sauvegarde ont \u00e9t\u00e9 entrepris :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-e8047f13cf3451bf48e46f2b411b3b67\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Restauration de la toiture du donjon<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">&#8211; Rejointoiement des ma\u00e7onneries expos\u00e9es<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-11767ded3130884cb490896879eac8b3 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>UN PATRIMOINE \u00c0 SAUVEGARDER<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-e18bc9b44d09e6d11670ac47bd07cb71 wp-block-paragraph\">Le ch\u00e2teau de La Roue repr\u00e9sente un t\u00e9moignage architectural exceptionnel de l&rsquo;art de b\u00e2tir m\u00e9di\u00e9val en Auvergne. Sa sauvegarde, entreprise par la Fondation Pierre-Olivier, s&rsquo;inscrit dans une d\u00e9marche de transmission des savoir-faire qui aurait enthousiasm\u00e9 les ma\u00eetres d&rsquo;\u0153uvre du Moyen \u00c2ge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ARCHITECTURE ET PATRIMOINE Caract\u00e9ristiques techniques :\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b Le donjon pr\u00e9sente un \u00e9tagement d\u00e9fensif sophistiqu\u00e9 : Le ch\u00e2teau de La Roue \u00e9tait prot\u00e9g\u00e9 par un syst\u00e8me de triple enceinte c\u00f4t\u00e9 ouest, adaptation remarquable au relief naturel. Cette organisation d\u00e9fensive r\u00e9v\u00e8le l&rsquo;influence des techniques rapport\u00e9es de Terre Sainte par les crois\u00e9s. Premi\u00e8re enceinte : Mur de courtine \u00e9pousant [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-67","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/federation-partenariale-pierre-olivier.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/67","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/federation-partenariale-pierre-olivier.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/federation-partenariale-pierre-olivier.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/federation-partenariale-pierre-olivier.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/federation-partenariale-pierre-olivier.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=67"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/federation-partenariale-pierre-olivier.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/67\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":257,"href":"https:\/\/federation-partenariale-pierre-olivier.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/67\/revisions\/257"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/federation-partenariale-pierre-olivier.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=67"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}